11 research outputs found
Close range photogrammetry in the survey of the coastal area geoecological conditions (on the example of Portugal)
Close range digital photogrammetry, which involves the application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), has been used in a growing number of diverse applications across different scientific disciplines. Our objective was to use the mentioned method in the survey of the contemporary geoecological conditions of the coastal area on the example of Portuguese northwest coastal zone. The coastal zone can be subdivided into two geomorphological sectors: Sector 1, between the Minho River and the town of Espinho, where the coastal segments consist of estuaries, sandy and shingle beaches with rocky outcrops, and Holocene dune systems. The estuaries and the foredunes in particular are very degraded by human activities; and Sector 2, between Espinho and the Mondego Cape, where coastal lagoons and Holocene dune systems occur. We chose two beaches for surveying â Aguçadoura and Ramalha to which the drone swinglet CAM took the photos. We used the ground control software eMotion 2 to plan the flights over the study area and controlled the droneâs trajectory during flight. After processing the obtained images in the program of AgisoftPhotoscanPro, we generated the 2D orthophotos and 3D digital elevation models (DEM) of the research sections. At this stage of study we derived the above product without using the ground control points, or we used only the camera GPS data. Based on these models the compilation of the large-scale maps of high resolution (1cm-5cm) will be possible in the GISs for monitoring and management of the geoecological state of the mentioned beaches in case to precise the x, y and z values of the models with the geodetic device of Differential GPSs in the selected ground control points (GCP).We are grateful to the European Commission ERASMUS-MUNDUS Action-2 ELECTRA program and the Earth Sciences Centre of the University of Minho (Braga, Portugal) in supporting us to conduct the field works and research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Determining Parameters of Tbilisi's Winter Regime Against the Backdrop of Climate Change and the Accuracy of their Determination
áááá®ááá£ááá ááááá áá¡ á¡áááááá¡ ááááá®áá¡áááááááá áªá®á á ááá áááá¢á áá¡: ááŠá-áŠáááá¡ á¡áášá£ááá á¢ááááá áá¢á£á áá¡, á§ááááááá ááŠá-áŠááááááá¡ á¡áášá£ááá á¢ááááá áá¢á£á áá¡, á§ááááááá ááŠá-áŠááááááá¡ á ááááááááá¡, á§ááááááá ááŠá-áŠááááááá¡ á¢ááááá áá¢á£á ááá á¯áááá¡, á§ááááááá ááŠá-áŠááááááá¡ áááááááá£á á á¢ááááá áá¢á£á áá¡, ááááááá£áá á§ááááááá ááŠááááá¡ ááá¥á¡ááááá£á á á ááááááááá¡, ááááááá£áá á§ááááááá ááŠááááá¡ á¢ááááá áá¢á£á áááá¡ á¯áááá¡, á§ááááááá ááŠááááááá áááááááá£á á á¢ááááá áá¢á£á áá¡ áááááááá¡ ááá ááŠáá¡ áá ááááááá£áá á§ááááááá ááŠááááááá ááá áááá ááŠáá¡ ááá ááŠáá¡ áªááááááá ááááááá£á á áááááááá¡ ááá áááášá áá áááá áááá¡áááŠáá áá¡ á¡ááá£á¡á¢á.The nine characteristic parameters of the winter season are considered: the average day-night temperature, the average temperature of frosty days, the number of frosty days, the sum of the temperatures of frosty days, the minimum temperature of frosty days, the maximum number of consecutive frosty days, the temperatures of consecutive frosty days and changes in the date of the minimum temperature from freezing days and the date of the first day from overlapping freezing days during the period of global warming and the accuracy of their determination
Distribution of Hail by Mean Max Size on the Territories of Municipalities of the Kakheti Region of Georgia
Results of modeling of the distribution of hailstones by mean max diameter (D) on the territories of municipalities of the Kakheti region of Georgia using data of the freezing level in the atmosphere and radar measurements of hail max sizes in clouds are presented. Data about D on the territories of municipalities of the Kakheti region for individual months, from April to September, are presented. The vertical distribution of D on the indicated territories was studied
ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐŽÐŸÐ²Ð°ÐœÐžÑ ÐžÐ·ÐŒÐµÐœÐµÐœÐžÑ ÐºÐ»ÐžÐŒÐ°Ñа в ÐÑÑзОО в ÑПвЌеÑÑÐœÑÑ ÑабПÑÐ°Ñ ÐžÐœÑÑОÑÑÑПв геПгÑаÑОО О геПÑОзОкО
áááááááááá£ááá áá¢ááá¡á€áá áášá ááá ááááá£á á áááááá«á£á áááá¡, áŠá á£ááááááááá¡, ááá¡ááááá¡, áááááá¡ á¡ááá áá á ááááááááá¡ áá á¡á®á. áá ááááá¬ááááá áááááááá; ášáá¡á¬ááááááá áá¢ááá¡á€áá áá¡ ááá ááááá£á á áááááá«á£á áááá¡ ááááááááá áááá¡ á áááááªááá¡, áŠá á£ááááááááá¡, ááá¡ááááá¡ áá á¡á®á. áªáááááááááááá. ášáá€áá¡ááá£ááá áááááá áá áááááá¢áá¡ ááááááá¢áááá¡ ááá¡áááááááá áªááááááá. áááááááá¡á¬ááááá£ááá ááŠááášáá£áá áá ááááááá ááááááááááááá¡ áááá á«ááááá áá ááá áááá á«áááááá¡ áááá ááááááá áá®ááá á¡ááááªáááá á áá ááááá§ááááááá áááášáááááááá¡ ááááªáááááá¡ ááááá¡áá¬á§ááá¢áá
Statistical Analysis of the Number of Days with Hail and Damage to Agricultural Crops from it in Kvemo Kartli (Georgia)
A statistical analysis of data on the number of days with hail in the warm half of the year (from April to October) in 10 settlements of Kvemo Kartli (Georgia) - Bolnisi, Dmanisi, Gardabani, Manglisi, Marneuli, Rustavi, Sadakhlo, Shulaveri, Tetri Tskaro, Tsalka - is presented. The observation period is from 30 (Sadakhlo) to 93 (Bolnisi) years. In addition, an analysis of data on damaged areas of agricultural crops in 34 locations of the specified region in 1982, 1985-1989 is provided (total 56 cases with hail).
In particular, the following results were obtained. The maximum number of days with hail in the warm half-year is observed in Manglisi (16), the minimum - in Rustavi and Sadakhlo (2 each). The maximum average number of days with hail is observed in Manglisi (4.6), the minimum - in Sadakhlo (0.2).
The maximum total area of agricultural crops damaged by hail was noted in Asureti (8.15 km²), the minimum in Tbisi (0.2 km²). The maximum area of agricultural crops damaged by hail by 100% was noted in Sadakhlo (6.18 km²), the minimum - in Tbisi (0.07 km²). In the whole region, for one incident with hail, the total area of damage to agricultural crops was 1.64 km², and for 100% - 0.95 km².
The results of this work will be used to construct a visual map of the distribution of hail cases and hail damage of agricultural on the territory of Kvemo Kartli
Geodynamic Hazard Risk Assessment and Management Methodological Aspects in Georgia
á¡áá¥áá ááááá á¡á¢áá¥áá£á á áááááááá£á á áá ááªáá¡áááá¡ áááááááá áááá¡ ááá¡ášá¢áááááá, ááááááá áááááááá¡ á¡áá®ášáá áá áá á¥ááá§ááá¡ ááá¡áá®áááááá¡á áá áááááááááá¡áááá áááááá ááá§ááááá£áá ááááá¢áá£á á ášáááááááá, áá¡áá€áááá¡ ááááá á¥ááá§áááá¡ ášáá áá¡ áá á-áá áá ááááá á©áá£á á áááááá¡ á¬áá áááááááá¡. áááááááá£á á á¡á¢áá¥ááá¡ á«áááá áááááááááá¡ ááá áááá£ááá áááááªááá¡ á©áááá á¥ááá§ááá¡ áááá¡áááá ááá¡áá®áááá£áá áá£áá¥á¢á, ááá¬áá¡ á¡áááá áá£áááá, ááááá, áááááááá¡á áá ááááá¡ áááá¡ááááááá, áááŠááá á«ááááá¡ áááá¥á¢á áááááááªááá ááá«ááá, á°ááá áá¢áá¥áááá£á á ááááá¥á¢ááá áá á¡á®á. á¡á¢áá¥ááá¡ á¡áášáášá ááááá¡ááá ááá¡áá®áááááá¡ áááªáá-ááááá¢ááªááá¡ áá á¢áá áá¢áá ááá¡ á¡ááá áªááá ááááá¡áááá¡ áá€áá¥á¢á£á á ááá áááá¡ áááááá ááá áááá§ááááá¡á á¡áááá áá áááááááá ááá áááááááááááááá ááá§á áááááá ááááááá ááááá¡ ášáá€áá¡ááá.Georgia is one of the most prominent regions in the mountainous countries of the world, due to the magnitude of the natural geological processes, the frequency of recurrence and the negative effects they have on the population and economy. Thousands of settlements, land plots, roads, oil and gas pipelines, high-voltage power transmission towers, hydraulic facilities and others are periodically affected by the geological disaster. Assessment of the situation based on modern methodologies is necessary first of all for the purpose of protection, adaptation and spatial management of the population from the geological hazards
Selective Absorption of the Atmospheric Aerosols of Sea Coast Zone in 0.52-0.80 Microns Spectral Range
ÐзÑÑÐµÐœÑ ÐŸÐ¿ÑОÑеÑкОе ÑвПйÑÑва ÑЌеÑаММÑÑ
(кПМÑОМеМÑалÑÐœÑÑ
О ЌПÑÑкПгП пÑПОÑÑ
ПжЎеМОÑ) аÑÑПзПлей в ЌПÑÑкПй беÑегПвПй зПМе, в ÑаÑÑМПÑÑО, ÑÑМкÑÐžÑ Ð¿ÐŸÐ³Ð»ÐŸÑÐµÐœÐžÑ Ð°ÑÑПзПлей в ÑпекÑÑалÑМПЌ ЎОапазПМе 0.52 â 0.80 ЌкЌ. Ðа ПÑМПве ЎаММÑÑ
бПлее 2500 кПЌплекÑÐœÑÑ
ÑкÑпеЎОÑОй, пÑПвеЎеММÑÑ
в ÑеÑеМОО ЌМПгОÑ
леÑ, Ñ Ð¿ÐŸÐŒÐŸÑÑÑ ÐžÐœÑеÑÑеÑеМÑОПММÑÑ
ÑвеÑПÑОлÑÑÑПв ОзЌеÑÑлÑÑ ÑпекÑÑалÑÐœÑй ÑПÑÑав пÑÑЌПй ÑПлМеÑМПй ÑаЎОаÑОО в 28 ÑпекÑÑалÑÐœÑÑ
ПблаÑÑÑÑ
в ÑпекÑÑалÑМПЌ ЎОапазПМе 0.341-1.067 ЌкЌ. ÐаÑаллелÑМП ОзЌеÑÑлОÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑОкалÑМПе ÑаÑпÑеЎелеМОе в аÑЌПÑÑеÑе вПЎÑМПгП паÑа О ПбÑее кПлОÑеÑÑвП ПзПМа. Ðз ПпÑОÑеÑкПй плПÑМПÑÑО в МаÑале О в кПМÑе ÑпекÑÑалÑМПгП ЎОапазПМа (гЎе пПглПÑеМОе Ме МаблÑЎаеÑÑÑ) ПпÑеЎелÑлОÑÑ ÑЌпОÑОÑеÑкОе кПÑÑÑОÑОеМÑÑ ÑПÑÐŒÑÐ»Ñ ÐМгÑÑÑеЌа О ПМО ЎавалО вПзЌПжМПÑÑÑ ÐŸÐ¿ÑеЎелОÑÑ ÑÑМкÑÐžÑ Ð°ÑÑПзПлÑМПгП пПглПÑÐµÐœÐžÑ ÐœÐ° 8 ÑПÑкаÑ
ÑказаММПгП ЎОапазПМа.ášáá¡á¬ááááááá ááŠááá¡ á¡áááááá á ááááášá áááá¢áááá-á¢á£á á áá ááŠááá¡áááá á á¬áá ááášáááá¡ áá¢ááá¡á€áá á£áá ááá áá¡áááááá¡ ááá¢ááá£á á áááá¡ááááá, ááá á«áá á¡ááá¥-á¢á á£á ááááááááášá 0.52-0.80 ááá ááá áááááááá¡ ášááááá¥ááá¡ á€á£áá¥áªáá. á¡áá€á£á«áááá á£áááá¡ á¬ááááá¡ áááá«áá-áá ááááááá¥á¡á£á á áá¥á¡áááááªááááá¡ áá áá¡, ááŠááášáá£áá á¡ááá¥á¢á á£áá áááááááááá¡ ášááááá 8 á£ááááá, ááá¢áá á€á-á áááªáá£áá ášá£á¥á€ááá¢á áááá¡ ááááá§áááááá áááŠááá£áá áááá¡ ááá ááááá á á áááááªááá¡ áááášááááááááá (2500-áá ááá¢á ášáááá®áááá). ááá ááááá£á áá ááááááááá áá¢ááá¡á€áá áášá á¬á§ááá¡ áá áá¥ááá¡ ááá á¢ááááá£á á ááááá¬ááááá áá áááááá¡ ášáááªáááááá. ááŠááášáá£áá áááááááááá¡ á¡áá¬á§áá¡ áá áááá á£áááááá (á¡ááá᪠ášááááá¥ááá¡ áááááá áá á¥áááá) áááŠááá£áá ááá áááááááá¡ ááá¢ááá£á á á¡ááááá ááááááááá ááááá¡áááŠáá ááááá áááá¡á¢á áááá¡ á€áá áá£ááá¡ ááááá áá£áá áááá€ááªáááá¢ááá áá áá¡ááá á¡áášá£áááááá¡ áá«ááááááá áááááááááá¡ ášááááá á áá á£ááááá áááááá-áááá ááá áááááááá¡ ášááááá¥ááá¡ á€á£áá¥áªáá.The optical properties of mixed (continental and marine origin) atmospheric aerosols in the coastal zone have been studied, in particular, absorbing function the aerosols in 0.52 - 0.80 micrometer spectral range. Over the years, more than 2,500 complex expeditions were carried out, during which in 28 spectral regions the spectral composition of direct solar radiation with the help of optical filters in a 0.341 to 1067 micrometer spectral range were measured. At the same time, the vertical distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere and the total amount of ozone were also measured.
The empirical coefficients of the Angstrom formula were determined from the optical density at the beginning and at the end of the spectral range (where no absorption was observed), and they made it possible to determine the aerosol absorption function at 8 points of this range
ÐÐ»ÐžÐŒÐ°Ñ Ðž пÑОÑÐžÐœÑ ÐµÐ³ÐŸ ОзЌеМÑОвПÑÑО
Climate change causes have been studied basically in two directions: natural and anthropogenic. Many studies have been devoted to both directions. A lot of scientist-climatologists believe that current climate change is directly connected with solar activity that determines temperature and cloud cover on the Earth. The sun changes in its activity on time scales that vary from 27 days to 11, 22, 80, 180 years and more. When satellite observations had established that the solar constant is variable, phenomenological regression models were developed which assess the variations in irradiance in past decades and centuries. The outputs show clearly that the greenhouse effect has been overestimated in comparison with the solar contribution to climate change. And according to enormous number of scientists the sun enters the phase of decreasing activity that would undoubtedly cause global cooling during future 30 years.áááááá¢áá¡ áªáááááááá¡ áááááááá¡ áááááááá áá á ááááá áá£ááááá: áá£áááá ááá áá áááá ááááááá£áá. áá ááá ááááá -áá£ááááá áá ááááá áááááá á¢áá áááá. áááá á áááªáááá á-áááááá¢ááááá ááá á¬áá£áááá£ááá, á áá ááááááááááá áááááá¢áá¡ áªááááááá ááá ááááá áááááášáá ááá£ááá áááá¡ áá¥á¢áááááá¡ááá, á ááááá᪠áááá¡áááŠáá ááá¡ ááááááá¬ááá á¢ááááá áá¢á£á áá¡ áá áŠá á£ááááááááá¡. áááá¡ áá¥á¢áááááá¡ áªáááááááá¡ áá áááá ááá¡ášá¢ááá ááááªááá¡ 27 ááŠáááá 11, 22, 80, 180 áá ááᢠá¬áááá¡. ááá¡ ášááááá á á᪠áááááááááá á£áá áááááá ááááááá áááááááá, á áá áááá¡ áá£ááááá áªááááááááá, ášááá¥ááá á€áááááááááááá£á á á ááá áá¡áá£áá áááááááá áááá¡ á áááááªááá¡ áªáááááááá¡ ášáá€áá¡áááá¡áááá¡ ááá¡á£á ááá¬ááá£áááášá áá á¡áá£áá£ááááášá. áááá ášáááááááááá áªá®ááá á®áááá, á áá áááá¡ á¬ááááááá ášáááá áááá á¡áááá£á á ááááááá¡ á ááá ááááá€áá¡ááá£ááá áááááá¢áá¡ áªáááááááášá. á®ááá áá ááááá áááªáááá áá¡ ááá áá ááá ášáááá¡ áá¥á¢áááááá¡ ášáááªáá áááá¡ á€áááášá á á᪠áááááááá 30ᬠááááááááááášá áááááá¬áááá¡ ááááááá£á ááªáááááá¡.
UDC:ÐÑОÑÐžÐœÑ ÐžÐ·ÐŒÐµÐœÐµÐœÐžÑ ÐºÐ»ÐžÐŒÐ°Ñа бÑлО ОзÑÑÐµÐœÑ Ð² ПÑМПвМПЌ в ЎвÑÑ
МапÑавлеМОÑÑ
: пÑОÑПЎМÑе О аМÑÑПпПгеММÑе. ÐМПгОе ОÑÑÐ»ÐµÐŽÐŸÐ²Ð°ÐœÐžÑ Ð±ÑлО пПÑвÑÑÐµÐœÑ ÐŸÐ±ÐŸÐžÐŒ МапÑавлеМОÑÐŒ.ÐМПгОе ÑÑеМÑе-клОЌаÑПлПгО ÑÑОÑаÑÑ, ÑÑП ÐœÑМеÑМее ОзЌеМеМОе клОЌаÑа МапÑÑÐŒÑÑ ÑвÑзаМ Ñ ÑПлМеÑМПй акÑОвМПÑÑÑÑ, ПпÑеЎелÑÑÑей ÑеЌпеÑаÑÑÑÑ Ðž ПблаÑМПÑÑО Ма ÐеЌле. СПлМÑе ЌеМÑÐµÑ ÑÐ²ÐŸÑ ÐŽÐµÑÑелÑМПÑÑÑ ÐœÐ° вÑеЌеММÑÑ
ЌаÑÑÑабаÑ
, кПÑПÑÑе ваÑÑОÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÐŸÑ 27 ЎМей ЎП 11, 22, 80, 180 О бПлее леÑ. ÐПгЎа ÑП ÑпÑÑМОкПвÑÑ
МаблÑЎеМОй бÑлП ÑÑÑаМПвлеМП, ÑÑП ÑПлМеÑÐœÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐŸÑÑПÑÐœÐœÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеЌеММаÑ, ÑеМПЌеМПлПгОÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑегÑеÑÑОПММÑе ЌПЎелО бÑлО ÑазÑабПÑаМÑ, кПÑПÑÑе ПÑеМОваÑÑ ÐžÐ·ÐŒÐµÐœÐµÐœÐžÑ ÑаЎОаÑОО в пПÑлеЎМОе ЎеÑÑÑОлеÑÐžÑ Ðž века.ÐÑÐ²ÐŸÐŽÑ ÑÑМП пПка-зÑваÑÑ, ÑÑП паÑМОкПвÑй ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑ Ð±Ñл завÑÑеМ в ÑÑавМеМОО Ñ ÑПлМеÑÐœÑÐŒ вклаЎПЌ в ОзЌеМеМОе клОЌаÑа. РпП ÐŒÐœÐµÐœÐžÑ ÐŸÐ³ÑПЌМПгП ÑОÑла ÑÑеМÑÑ
, ÑПлМÑе вÑÑÑÐ¿Ð°ÐµÑ Ð² ÑÐ°Ð·Ñ ÑÐœÐžÐ¶ÐµÐœÐžÑ Ð°ÐºÑОвМПÑÑО, ÑÑП, МеÑПЌМеММП, вÑзÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð³Ð»ÐŸÐ±Ð°Ð»ÑМПе пПÑ
ПлПЎаМОе в ÑеÑеМОе бÑÐŽÑÑОÑ
30 леÑ
РеÑÑÑÑÐœÑй ÐПÑеМÑОал ÐÑеÑÐœÑÑ ÐПЎ ÐÑÑзОО Ð ÐеМеЎжЌеМÑ
áá¢áááá á á¬á§ááá¡ á áá¡á£á á¡ááá á¡áá¥áá áááááá¡ á«áá ááááá áá£áááá ááá á¡áááááá áá, á ááááá᪠áááá£á¢áá¡ áááášááááááááá á ááááááááá áááááááá¡á áá ááá á¢áá á£áá áááªáááááá¡ á áááá£á á á¬á§áá áá. á¡ááá¥á¡ááá á¢áá áááááááá¡á¬ááááá£áá á¬á§ááá¡ á áááááááá á ááááááááá¡á áá áá ááá¡ ááá®ááááá, á¬á§ááááŠáááá¡ áááááá áá áááááá, á£ááá ááááá¡áááŠáá áá¡ áªáááááá£áá á°ááá ááááá¡áá¡á¢áááááá¡ ááááááá ááááá¡á áá á¬á§ááá¡áááá£á ááá áááááá¡áááá¡ ááá¢ááá£á á áááááááá¡ ášááááá.Fresh water resources are the major natural resources of Georgia. Georgia with copious fresh water resources is a great temptation for drawing foreign investments and barter exchange. After the detailed water economy balance is developed the volume of export water per regions and time, the method of water taking, condition of hydroecosystems et al. will become
possible to define.РеÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑеÑМПй Ð²ÐŸÐŽÑ - главМПе пÑОÑПЎМПе бПгаÑÑÑвП ÐÑÑзОО. РеÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑеÑМПй Ð²ÐŸÐŽÑ ÐŒÐŸÐ³ÑÑ Ð¿ÑОÑÑгОваÑÑ ÐžÐœÐŸÑÑÑаММÑе ОМвеÑÑОÑОО О ÑÑаÑÑ ÑеалÑÐœÑÐŒ ОÑÑПÑМОкПЌ баÑÑеÑМПгП ПбЌеМа. ТПÑМПе кПлОÑеÑÑвП ÑкÑпПÑÑОÑÑеЌПй Ð²ÐŸÐŽÑ Ð¿ÐŸ вÑÐµÐŒÐµÐœÑ Ðž ÑегОПМаЌ, ЌеÑПЎ О ЌеÑÑП вПЎПОзÑÑÑÐžÑ ÐŸÐ¿ÑеЎелÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐŸÑле ЎеÑалÑМПгП аМалОза ПÑЎелÑÐœÑÑ
гОЎÑПÑкПÑОÑÑеЌ О вПЎПÑ
ПзÑйÑÑвеММÑÑ
балаМÑПв ÑППÑвеÑÑÑвÑÑÑОÑ
ÑеÑÑОÑПÑОй